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      Getting a charge: An exercise bike that turns your pedaling into power

      news.movim.eu / ArsTechnica · Thursday, 28 March - 21:39

    Getting a charge: An exercise bike that turns your pedaling into power

    Enlarge (credit: LifeSpan )

    I enjoy getting my exercise, but hate doing it indoors. I'd much rather get some fresh air and watch the world drift past me as I cycle or hike somewhere than watch a screen while sweating away on something stationary.

    To get a bit more of what I like, I've invested in a variety of gear that has extended my cycling season deeper into the winter. But even with that, there are various conditions—near-freezing temperatures, heavy rains, Canada catching fire—that have kept me off the roads. So, a backup exercise plan has always been on my to-do list.

    The company LifeSpan offers exercise equipment that fits well into a home office and gave me the chance to try its Ampera model . It's a stationary bike that tucks nicely under a standing desk and has a distinct twist: You can pedal to power the laptop you're working on. Overall, the hardware is well-designed, but some glitches, software issues, and design decisions keep it from living up to its potential.

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      Hardware Vulnerability in Apple’s M-Series Chips

      news.movim.eu / Schneier · Tuesday, 26 March - 16:23 · 2 minutes

    It’s yet another hardware side-channel attack:

    The threat resides in the chips’ data memory-dependent prefetcher, a hardware optimization that predicts the memory addresses of data that running code is likely to access in the near future. By loading the contents into the CPU cache before it’s actually needed, the DMP, as the feature is abbreviated, reduces latency between the main memory and the CPU, a common bottleneck in modern computing. DMPs are a relatively new phenomenon found only in M-series chips and Intel’s 13th-generation Raptor Lake microarchitecture, although older forms of prefetchers have been common for years.

    […]

    The breakthrough of the new research is that it exposes a previously overlooked behavior of DMPs in Apple silicon: Sometimes they confuse memory content, such as key material, with the pointer value that is used to load other data. As a result, the DMP often reads the data and attempts to treat it as an address to perform memory access. This “dereferencing” of “pointers”—meaning the reading of data and leaking it through a side channel—­is a flagrant violation of the constant-time paradigm.

    […]

    The attack, which the researchers have named GoFetch , uses an application that doesn’t require root access, only the same user privileges needed by most third-party applications installed on a macOS system. M-series chips are divided into what are known as clusters. The M1, for example, has two clusters: one containing four efficiency cores and the other four performance cores. As long as the GoFetch app and the targeted cryptography app are running on the same performance cluster—­even when on separate cores within that cluster­—GoFetch can mine enough secrets to leak a secret key.

    The attack works against both classical encryption algorithms and a newer generation of encryption that has been hardened to withstand anticipated attacks from quantum computers. The GoFetch app requires less than an hour to extract a 2048-bit RSA key and a little over two hours to extract a 2048-bit Diffie-Hellman key. The attack takes 54 minutes to extract the material required to assemble a Kyber-512 key and about 10 hours for a Dilithium-2 key, not counting offline time needed to process the raw data.

    The GoFetch app connects to the targeted app and feeds it inputs that it signs or decrypts. As its doing this, it extracts the app secret key that it uses to perform these cryptographic operations. This mechanism means the targeted app need not perform any cryptographic operations on its own during the collection period.

    Note that exploiting the vulnerability requires running a malicious app on the target computer. So it could be worse. On the other hand, like many of these hardware side-channel attacks, it’s not possible to patch.

    Slashdot thread .

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      PC gaming market is set to grow again after pandemic and overstock corrections

      news.movim.eu / ArsTechnica · Thursday, 6 April, 2023 - 17:25 · 1 minute

    Someone playing games at a Republic of Gamers display

    Enlarge / Intel GPUs, ultra-wide monitors, and a vague sense that it's time for some gamers to refresh: These are some of the factors that have one report showing industry growth for PC gaming. (credit: Peerapon Boonyakiat/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images)

    PC gamers may be concerned about losing their jobs in 2023, but not so much that they can ignore a glut of new GPU and ultra-widescreen monitor options.

    That's the elevator-pitch version of Jon Peddie Research's report on PC gaming hardware sales and costs . At a high level, it suggests that while mid-range gaming will see only gradual growth from 2023 through 2025, both entry-level and high-end hardware should see notable upticks through 2025. The market should recover more than $5 billion overall from its 2022 drop-off, with the high end taking $3.92 billion and entry level $2.29 billion.

    PC gaming market figures from JPR.

    PC gaming market figures from JPR.

    Reading exactly which bits of PC hardware fit into which segment, and getting more detail on how JPR put these numbers together, costs even more than a 40-series Nvidia card, at $27,500 per year for access. So we're left to wonder which cards, monitors, chips, and other gear fit into entry-, mid-level, and high-end. But JPR does suggest a few factors moving the numbers around:

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      A more powerful Steam Deck is “a few years” off, Valve says

      news.movim.eu / ArsTechnica · Wednesday, 8 March, 2023 - 20:31 · 1 minute

    Calendar Man is marking the many, many days until a more powerful Steam Deck shows up.

    Enlarge / Calendar Man is marking the many, many days until a more powerful Steam Deck shows up.

    If you're waiting for a more powerful version of the Steam Deck before diving in on Valve's Linux-based portable hardware, you may find yourself waiting a little while longer. In a recent interview with Rock Paper Shotgun , Valve designer Lawrence Yang says it will be "a few years" before the company releases "a true next-gen Deck with a significant bump in horsepower."

    A look at the Steam Deck's performance over its first year of availability helps show why Valve might not be in a hurry to release a more powerful portable. The current Steam Deck now supports over 8,000 titles that are either rated Playable or Verified by Valve's official Compatibility program . And that list isn't just low-end indie games, either; heavy hitters like Cyberpunk 2077 , Elden Ring , and the recent Dead Space remake run great on the handheld, and the device can even handle ray tracing on slightly older games like Doom Eternal .

    That said, the Steam Deck hardware is already beginning to show its age on some recent releases. Games like Wild Hearts and Returnal will technically run on the Deck but reportedly show some significant frame rate and performance issues on the portable. While future software or OS patches could help a bit for these bleeding-edge games, the Steam Deck's unchanging hardware may start to look increasingly dated as PC gamers continue to upgrade their rigs with plentiful graphics cards (and PC game makers continue to target those high-end desktop users with their newest titles).

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      Security and Cheap Complexity

      news.movim.eu / Schneier · Friday, 26 August, 2022 - 12:19 · 1 minute

    I’ve been saying that complexity is the worst enemy of security for a long time now. ( Here’s me in 1999.) And it’s been true for a long time.

    In 2018, Thomas Dullien of Google’s Project Zero talked about “cheap complexity.” Andrew Appel summarizes :

    The anomaly of cheap complexity. For most of human history, a more complex device was more expensive to build than a simpler device. This is not the case in modern computing. It is often more cost-effective to take a very complicated device, and make it simulate simplicity, than to make a simpler device. This is because of economies of scale: complex general-purpose CPUs are cheap. On the other hand, custom-designed, simpler , application-specific devices, which could in principle be much more secure, are very expensive.

    This is driven by two fundamental principles in computing: Universal computation , meaning that any computer can simulate any other; and Moore’s law , predicting that each year the number of transistors on a chip will grow exponentially. ARM Cortex-M0 CPUs cost pennies, though they are more powerful than some supercomputers of the 20th century.

    The same is true in the software layers. A (huge and complex) general-purpose operating system is free, but a simpler, custom-designed, perhaps more secure OS would be very expensive to build. Or as Dullien asks, “How did this research code someone wrote in two weeks 20 years ago end up in a billion devices?”

    This is correct. Today, it’s easier to build complex systems than it is to build simple ones. As recently as twenty years ago, if you wanted to build a refrigerator you would create custom refrigerator controller hardware and embedded software. Today, you just grab some standard microcontroller off the shelf and write a software application for it. And that microcontroller already comes with an IP stack, a microphone, a video port, Bluetooth, and a whole lot more. And since those features are there, engineers use them.

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      Looks like it's all over for the once promising Smach Z handheld

      Liam Dawe · news.movim.eu / GamingOnLinux · Saturday, 15 May, 2021 - 10:55 · 1 minute

    Press F to pay respects. Remember the Smach Z? A handheld gaming unit where you could pick between Windows 10 and SMACH OS (Linux) - well it looks like it's all over now.

    The situation surrounding the Smach Z has always been a bit of an odd one, with the team behind it often going completely silent with plenty of people out there who considered it a scam from the beginning. It's had multiple funding rounds with €474,530 from Kickstarter and a further bunch from IndieGoGo in 2016, and they had pre-orders available since 2018 too. Over time it seems they pulled in some investors too but the well has run dry.

    In a forum post from the Founder, Daniel Fernandez, which isn't available to view publicly (but reposted to Reddit ) Fernandez goes on to mention how they "might soon enter bankruptcy" due to their main investor pulling out of the project and they were the only thing keeping it afloat.

    Fernandez makes it clear that despite all the money, "the project was way more ambitious than the budget we were managing" and they even had aid given by their government and private investors but "after a few missteps, the investors felt forced to decide to stop supporting the project".

    What does Fernandez claim are the reasons? A mixture of COVID, the charging unit failed an emissions test and problems with the batteries heating up too with continued delays that has led to this.

    Will anyone get their ordered devices? Considering some have pre-ordered units for close to £1,000, it's a lot of money to lose on your dream handheld gaming device. Sadly, it looks like a no and there's only three people on their team so it's clearly not going to happen. How about refunds then? If they do declare bankruptcy, anything they have left will apparently go towards refunds. They also claim to have been providing refunds "for a very long time" already but they can no longer do it now due to the investor pulling out.

    Sounds like a clear message: It's dead, Jim.

    Article from GamingOnLinux.com - do not reproduce this article without permission. This RSS feed is intended for readers, not scrapers.
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      System76 releases the open source Launch Configurable Keyboard

      Liam Dawe · news.movim.eu / GamingOnLinux · Thursday, 13 May, 2021 - 16:03 · 3 minutes

    Ready for your next keyboard? How about one that's properly open source and looks quite fantastic? System76 has today properly revealed and released the Launch Configurable Keyboard.

    Sticking to their ethos, they've launched the Launch as a fully open source unit. This includes the hardware ( certified by the OSHWA ), firmware and configuration tooling all as open source and firmware updates can be done directly through LVFS but it's not forced - it's up to users if they want to update the firmware.

    17255704071620807348gol1.png

    While System76 remains a Linux vendor selling their custom Thelio desktops, laptops and they continue with their Pop!_OS Linux distribution - this is their first to be fully compatible with Windows and macOS too. System76 created the System76 Keyboard Configurator app to allow fully customization of the keyboard layout - with changes saved to they keyboard so you can take it anywhere.

    “Launch with macOS and Windows 10 is a phenomenal, high-end keyboard with a comfortable feel and unique high-speed USB hub,” said Carl Richell, CEO of System76. “Combined with Pop!_OS and, in particular, auto-tiling, the hardware and OS blend into a holistic desktop experience that's faster and easier to navigate.”

    Just like their Thelio computers, the Launch is custom-built in their own facility in Denver, CO. Featuring a chassis
    milled out of a solid block of aluminium, as well as a custom PCB (printed circuit board). Created for customization, it comes with a set of red, blue, or brown keycaps to get it how you want it. It also has runner feet to keep it still, along with a magnetic foot for an optional 15% incline.

    "With a wide swath of customization options, the Launch is flexible to a variety of needs and use cases. The keyboard’s thoughtful design keeps everything within reach, vastly reducing awkward hand contortions. Launch comes with additional keycaps and a convenient keycap puller, meaning one can swap keys based on personal workflow preferences to maximize efficiency. Launch also features a novel split Space Bar, which allows the user to swap out oneSpace Bar keycap for Shift, Backspace, or Function to reduce hand fatigue while typing. Launch uses only three keycap sizes to vastly expand configuration options." — System76.

    Check out our gallery of pictures below, click the image to view more along with some close-ups of the switches:

    20230766341620840672gol1.png

    Ever feel like "I don't need it but I need it"? I've got that right now. Although, I'm not sure how I would cope without the trust numpad. Would be interested to know in the comments how many of you never use the numpad though, does it bother you it doesn't have one?

    System76 Launch Configurable Keyboard Specifications:

    Chassis System76 Open Source milled chassis design
    Detachable lift bar to adjust keyboard angle by 15 degrees
    Electronics System76 Open Source PCB design
    Individually addressable RGB LED backlighting
    N-Key Rollover
    Sockets and Switches Kailh MX Hotswap Sockets
    Kailh Box Jade or Kailh Box Royal Switches
    Key Caps PBT plastic
    Dye sublimated legend
    XDA profile
    Layout ANSI US QWERTY
    Custom Configuration Customize layout and lighting in firmware with the System76 Keyboard Configurator
    Available on Linux, Windows, and macOS
    Integrated Hub 2 × USB 3.2 Gen 2 Type C (Up to 10 Gbps)
    2 × USB 3.2 Gen 2 Type A (Up to 10 Gbps)
    Connectivity Wired, with detachable USB cable (USB-C to USB-C and USB-A to USB-C cables included)
    Dimensions 12.17′′ × 5.35′′ × 1.3′′ (309mm x 136mm x 33mm)
    Weight 2.09 lbs (948g)
    youtube video thumbnail
    Watch video on YouTube.com

    Available to pre-order from May 13, 2021 with shipping starting in June - with a price of $285. We're hoping to see a review unit at some point to give our thoughts.

    Check it out on the official site .

    Article from GamingOnLinux.com - do not reproduce this article without permission. This RSS feed is intended for readers, not scrapers.
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      NVIDIA launches the RTX 3050 and RTX 3050 Ti for laptops, supply shortages until 2022

      Liam Dawe · news.movim.eu / GamingOnLinux · Tuesday, 11 May, 2021 - 11:32 · 1 minute

    It's not just Intel announcing new hardware today, as NVIDIA have now joined in with the RTX 3050 and RTX 3050 Ti for laptops. Currently, no desktop models have been announced as their focus is solely on mobile form factor. However, it's highly likely they will appear eventually.

    "The latest wave of laptops provides the perfect opportunity to upgrade, particularly for gamers and creators with older laptops who want to experience the magic of RTX,” said Mark Aevermann, director of product management for laptops at NVIDIA. “There are now five times more RTX 30 Series gaming laptops that are thinner than 18mm compared with previous-generation RTX systems, delivering groundbreaking performance with very sleek and portable designs."

    Pricing will start at $799 with no UK/EU pricing being given yet, we'll have to see what system builders come up with. NVIDIA claim this is targetting the "most mainstream audience" to offer 60FPS at 1080p in some quite demanding games with Ray Tracing on.

    Here's a specs comparison based on the press details sent:

    GPU (Laptop) RTX 3080 RTX 3070 RTX 3060 RTX 3050 Ti RTX 3050
    CUDA Cores 6144 5120 3840 2560 2048
    Tensor Cores 192 160 120 80 64
    Ray Tracing Cores 48 40 30 20 16
    Boost Clock 1245-1710 MHz 1290-1620 MHz 1283-1703 MHz 1035-1695MHz 1057-1740MHz
    GPU Subsystem Power 80-150W 80-125W 60-115W 35-80W 35-80W
    Memory 16GB / 8GB GDDR6 8GB GDDR6 6GB GDDR6 4GB GDDR6 4GB GDDR6
    Memory Interface Width 256-bit 256-bit 192-bit 128-bit 128-bit

    NVIDIA also showed it off a little but as usual, it's Windows-focused:


    Also, NVIDIA also recently announced back in April that they expect GPU shortages to continue until at least 2022.

    We're expected a new NVIDIA driver release today too, as usual when new hardware is announced.

    Do you think you'll be looking to get one? Let us know in the comments.

    Article from GamingOnLinux.com - do not reproduce this article without permission. This RSS feed is intended for readers, not scrapers.
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      Intel launches 11th Gen Core H-series mobile processors

      Liam Dawe · news.movim.eu / GamingOnLinux · Tuesday, 11 May, 2021 - 11:16 · 1 minute

    Today Intel has formally announced and released the 11th Gen Core H-series mobile processors, for some next-gen performance in a smaller form factor for laptop users.

    "11th Gen Intel Core H-series processors take mobile gaming, content creation and commercial workstation systems to new heights. These new H-series processors are an exciting extension of our 11th Gen mobile family with double-digit single core and multi-core performance improvements, leading gameplay, direct attached storage and 20 PCIe 4.0 lanes for true enthusiast-level platform bandwidth. 11th Gen H-series is the industry’s most performant mobile processor that empowers users to game, create and connect with leadership performance at any enthusiast form factor." — Chris Walker, Intel corporate vice president and general manager of the Mobile Client Platforms Group

    4301608211620731676gol1.jpg13015743901620731679gol1.jpg

    Some of the features:

    • 20 PCIe Gen 4.0 lanes with Intel® Rapid Storage Technology bootable in Raid 0 — and up to 44 total PCIe lanes that include 24 PCIe Gen 3.0 lanes from a dedicated platform controller hub.
    • Memory support up to DDR4-3200.
    • Thunderbolt™ 4 with transfer speeds up to 40Gbps.
    • Discrete Intel® Killer™ Wi-Fi 6E (Gig+).
    • Dual Embedded Display Port integrated for power optimized companion display.

    More features can be seen in the below image:

    12462048831620731765gol1.jpg

    Intel also launched their Intel vPro® H-series processors for businesses today.

    As for availability, Intel said to expect "more than 80 enthusiast laptop designs" across various fields through this year. No exact dates were given as it largely depends on the manufacturers of each laptop to put them out. With the Xe graphics, they should be nice gaming units.

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